Sunday, December 24, 2023

HISTORY OF PHARMACOGNOSY


 3500-1500 BC - AYURVEDA-  In this system Rig vedha and Adharva vedha Described the use of medicinal plant to treat disorders

1600 BC - Papyers Eber - Introduced the technique for Tombs of mummy, where Natural resins and Volatile oil and natural herbs are used to preserve the bodies of kings of Egypt.

460- 370 BC - Hippocrates - Known for his Oath for medical Profession, He is mentioned in the history as Father of medicine

384- 322 BC - Aristotle - Known for writing on Plant and Animal Kingdom

370- 287 BC- Theophrastus - Known for Plant kingdom

40-80 AD - Dioscorides - Described thousands of plant and animal products in his book De Materia medica

130-200 AD- Galen - Preparation of plant and animal drugs through isolation and his procedure are named as Galenicals. Also he is known as First pharmacist of the world

1785- William withering - Published his article on Digitalis, where it describe about the effect of cardiac glucoside on CVS.

1806 - Serturner- IsolatesvFirst alkaloid - Morphine

1819-1820- Alkaloidal Era- Identified many Alkaloidal drugs like 

Brucine from Nux Vomica

Piperine from Black pepper

Caffeine from Tea leaves and coffee beans

Quinine from cinchona barks

1893- Felix Haffman - Discovered Aspirin

1922- Banting and best - Isolates Insuline and explained about their application

1928- Sir Alexander Fleming - Discovered penicillin

1944- Walksman- Discovered Streptomycin 

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